MAY 2026  |  SEEDWORLD.COM/EUROPE  I  SEED WORLD EUROPE   I   39
shippers, packers, brokers, supermarkets and 
consumers funnel information to research. 
Trends and signals help breeders foresee 
market evolution, especially for seedless 
varieties that can take up to a decade.
Sarria Villada describes continuous 
dialogue and collaboration, with commer­
cial and breeding teams visiting key markets 
each year to learn challenges. Insights are 
analysed country by country to define road­
maps by segment. Disease resistance prior­
ities are aligned with local phytopathology 
researchers and official analyses.
Calvert describes colleagues in the 
field listening daily to growers and attend­
ing meetings to understand conditions 
and expectations. She provides a practical 
example: development of a polliniser vari­
ety designed to address grower challenges 
in pollination, shape stability and synchro­
nisation with seedless types, showing how 
specific feedback can translate into breeding 
protocols and selection criteria.
Patel emphasises customer centricity 
and regular contacts with growers and part­
ners globally, supported by cross-functional 
feedback to forecast disruptions and prior­
itise areas for solutions. The value chain 
ecosystem is monitored closely to keep 
pace with evolving consumer preferences 
and retail trends.
Maestre frames alignment as collabo­
ration rather than following. Partnerships 
and co-creation are described as engines of 
progress, supported by a broader ecosystem 
of tools, agronomic support, marketing ini­
tiatives and innovation structures.
DIVERSITY: REFILLING THE 
GENETIC RESERVOIR
Finally, there is the genetic ceiling. 
Watermelon has limited diversity in com­
mercial backgrounds, and many useful 
traits were lost during domestication. 
Djordjevic argues breeders must keep 
refilling the “genetic reservoir” without 
excessive red tape. With limited crop pro­
tection options, genetic resistance becomes 
essential. “Breeding success is defined in 
growers’ fields,” he says. Having diver­
sity and options in the breeder kitchen is 
what allows fast, practical solutions when 
pressure hits. In his view, access to diverse 
germplasm is not about theory or curiosity, 
it is about preparedness. It’s not without a 
reason that old adage of Louis Paster says: 
“future favors the prepared mind”.
Calvert points to the USDA ger­
mplasm bank in Athens, Georgia (U.S.), 
as a strong resource, while acknowledging 
the challenge: much material is wild and 
not suitable for commercial products. Still, 
novel traits within it are being dissected 
through public research and could impact 
future commercial varieties.
Sarria Villada describes a collection 
representing diversity in wild relatives and 
landraces from domestication centres, sup­
ported by collaboration between breeding 
and pre-breeding. Mutant populations are 
also used to identify interesting mutations 
in a domesticated background.
Fernández offers the historical lens: 
during domestication, traits for resistance 
and stress tolerance were sacrificed in favour 
of larger fruits, sweetness, lack of bitterness, 
and improved colours. Now breeders must 
recover those sacrificed traits, often from 
wild accessions sourced from genebanks.
TECHNOLOGY: MOLECULAR 
TOOLS AND THE FUTURE OF 
“FASTER WITHOUT SHORTCUTS”
On the question of molecular techniques, 
several breeders are unambiguous: they are 
essential. Sarria Villada argues that com­
plex traits such as yield, shelf life and flesh 
texture cannot be fully optimised through 
traditional methods alone. Marker-assisted 
selection, genomic prediction and molecular 
approaches are needed to accelerate gain.
Fernández describes biotechnological 
tools as fundamental for optimising time and 
resources when establishing parental lines. 
Molecular markers linked to resistances and 
traits increase speed and efficiency.
Djordjevic illustrates why genomics 
matters with a memorable one-in-a-billion 
analogy: “If you try to combine two sets of 
10 favorable genes from two different vari­
eties using traditional selection, the odds of 
getting the perfect combination are about 
one in a billion; you have a better chance of 
winning the lottery! Genomic tools dramat­
ically improve those odds, allowing breeders 
to identify winning combinations in min­
utes rather than years of field testing,” he 
explains. Still, he draws a clear boundary: 
“Technology should support breeder intui­
tion, not replace it.” Nothing can substitute 
real-world field experience.
When it comes to new plant breed­
ing techniques like CRISPR-Cas, Lopez 
Fernandez notes gene editing could become 
powerful, if legislation allows, enabling 
innovative products with greater efficiency 
and speed. Meanwhile, Sarria Villada high­
lights digital phenotyping and genomic 
selection as part of a broader digital trans­
formation: collecting high-resolution data, 
improving selection accuracy, estimating 
breeding values early, and reducing time and 
cost while integrating sustainability goals.
THE DIRECTION OF TRAVEL
What emerges is a seed sector that is mod­
ernising quickly but still rooted in field 
reality. Breeders are building resilience for 
a climate that’s already changing, stacking 
resistances for a world with fewer chemical 
tools, and expanding diversity to recover 
traits lost long ago. They are using genom­
ics and digital tools to move faster, but still 
measuring success in the simplest way: does 
it grow well, does it ship well, and does it 
taste good?
Watermelon, after all, remains a fruit 
of expectation. And the breeder’s job is to 
make sure the expectation is met, again and 
again, no matter what the season throws 
at it.  
Read Part 1 Here.
Watermelon variety ‘Premium'. Photo: BASF I Nunhems

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